Altcoin is a term for any cryptocurrency other than Bitcoin. "Alt" stands for "alternative," as these coins emerged as alternatives to Bitcoin with different features, use cases, or technological improvements. Today, there are thousands of altcoins, ranging from major cryptocurrencies like Ethereum and Solana to smaller, niche projects.

Altcoins can serve various purposes: some focus on faster transactions (Litecoin), others on privacy (Monero), smart contracts (Ethereum), or specific industry solutions. While Bitcoin remains the dominant cryptocurrency, many altcoins have gained significant market share and utility.

Key Characteristics of Altcoin

  • Bitcoin Alternative: Any cryptocurrency that isn't Bitcoin
  • Diverse Purposes: Payment, smart contracts, privacy, DeFi, NFTs, etc.
  • Higher Risk/Reward: Often more volatile than Bitcoin
  • Innovation Focus: Many introduce new blockchain features or improvements
  • Market Share: Altcoins collectively represent over 50% of total crypto market cap

Real-World Example

Ethereum (smart contracts), Cardano (proof-of-stake), Solana (high-speed transactions), and Ripple (bank transfers) are all altcoins. Each serves a different purpose beyond Bitcoin's store-of-value function.

Understanding Altcoin is easier when you're familiar with these related concepts:

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